P/S: 31 October is Reformation Day.
Sola Scriptura - Scripture Alone is our ultimate authority.
The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God stands forever." (Isaiah 40:8)
I tell you the truth, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished. (Matthew 5:18)
All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work. (2 Timothy 3:16-17)
Solus Christus - Salvation by Christ Alone.
Jesus answered, "I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. (John 14:6)
Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to men by which we must be saved." (Acts 4:12)
Sola Gratia - Salvation by Grace Alone.
For it is by
grace you have been saved, through faith - and this not from yourselves,
it is the gift of God - not by works, so that no one can boast.
(Ephesians 2:8-9)
And if by grace, then it is no longer by works; if it were, grace would no longer be grace. (Romans 11:6)
Sola Fide - Justification by Faith Alone.
For it is by
grace you have been saved, through faith - and this not from yourselves,
it is the gift of God - not by works, so that no one can boast.
(Ephesians 2:8-9)
For in the gospel a righteousness from God is revealed, a righteousness that is by faith from first to last, just as it is written: "The righteous will live by faith." (Romans 1:17)
This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no difference, for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, (Romans 3:22-23)
For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from observing the law. (Romans 3:28)
And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. (Romans 4:11)
Soli Deo Gloria - Glory to God Alone.
For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be the glory forever! Amen. (Romans 11:36)
I planted the seed, Apollos watered it, but God made it grow. So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God, who makes things grow. (1 Corinthians 3:6-7)
So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God. (1 Corinthians 10:31)
Scripture Alone (Sola Scriptura) 唯独圣经
When the Reformers used the words sola Scriptura
they were expressing their concern for the Bible’s authority, and what they
meant is that the Bible alone is our ultimate authority—not the pope, not the
church, not the traditions of the church or church councils, still less
personal intimations or subjective feelings, but Scripture only. Other sources
of authority may have an important role to play. Some are even established by
God—such as the authority of church elders, the authority of the state, or the
authority of parents over children. But Scripture alone is truly ultimate.
Therefore, if any of these other authorities depart from Bible teaching, they
are to be judged by the Bible and rejected.
Christ
Alone (Solus Christus) 唯独耶稣
The church of the Middle Ages spoke about Christ. A
church that failed to do that could hardly claim to be Christian. But the
medieval church had added many human achievements to Christ’s work, so that it
was no longer possible to say that salvation was entirely by Christ and his
atonement. This was the most basic of all heresies, as the Reformers rightly
perceived. It was the work of God plus our own righteousness. The Reformation
motto solus Christus was formed to repudiate this error. It affirmed that
salvation has been accomplished once for all by the mediatorial work of the
historical Jesus Christ alone. His sinless life and substitutionary atonement
alone are sufficient for our justification, and any ‘gospel’ that fails to
acknowledge that or denies it is a false gospel that will save no one.
Grace
Alone (Sola Gratia) 唯独恩典
The words sola gratia mean that human beings have no
claim upon God. That is, God owes us nothing except just punishment for our
many and very willful sins. Therefore, if he does save sinners, which he does
in the case of some but not all, it is only because it pleases him to do it.
Indeed, apart from this grace and the regenerating work of the Holy Spirit that
flows from it, no one would be saved, since in our lost condition, human beings
are not capable of winning, seeking out, or even cooperating with God’s grace.
By insisting on ‘grace alone’ the Reformers were denying that human methods,
techniques, or strategies in themselves could ever bring anyone to faith. It is
grace alone expressed through the supernatural work of the Holy Spirit that
brings us to Christ, releasing us from our bondage to sin and raising us from
death to spiritual life.
Faith alone (Sola Fide) 唯独信心
The Reformers never tired of saying that
‘justification is by grace alone through faith alone because of Christ alone.’
When put into theological shorthand the doctrine was expressed as
“justification by faith alone,” the article by which the church stands or
falls, according to Martin Luther. The Reformers called justification by faith
Christianity’s “material principle,” because it involves the very matter or
substance of what a person must understand and believe to be saved.
Justification is a declaration of God based on the work of Christ. It flows
from God’s grace and it comes to the individual not by anything he or she might
do but by ‘faith alone’ (sola fide). We may state the full doctrine as:
Justification is the act of God by which he declares sinners to be righteous
because of Christ alone, by grace alone, through faith alone.
Glory
to God Alone (Soli Deo Gloria) 一切荣耀归于上帝
Each of the great solas is summed up in the fifth
Reformation motto: soli Deo gloria, meaning ‘to God alone be the glory.’ It is
what the apostle Paul expressed in Romans 11:36 when he wrote, ‘to Him be the
glory forever! Amen.’ These words follow naturally from the preceding words,
“For from him and through him and to him are all things” (v. 36), since it is
because all things really are from God, and to God, that we say, ‘to God alone
be the glory.
James Montgomery Boice, Whatever Happened to the
Gospel of Grace? (Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 2001)
